The aim of the paper is to examine the conditions and prerequisites for the formation of new family values in the working environment during the first decades of Soviet power, using materials from the Siberian region. The research methodology is based on modernization theory, supplemented by traditional historical research methods. The sources for the study are archival documents, statistical and other materials published in the scientific and periodical press of the period under study. The territorial framework includes the territory of the Siberian region within the administrative borders of 1925. During the first two decades of Soviet power, the USSR pursued a policy of destroying the foundations of the previous traditional patriarchal family. It was to be replaced by a new socialist family based on the principles of equality between men and women. The transition from the traditional patriarchal to the modern partner family occurred throughout the 20th century in most countries. But in the Soviet Union, this process was accelerated by the state's implementation of the norms and principles of Marxist-Leninist ideology. The restructuring and renewal of the family institution in the first decades of Soviet power became part of the country's overall modernization process. The ruling Bolshevik Party viewed this process as an integral part of the construction of socialism. Accordingly, social policy sought to create the necessary conditions for achieving gender equality and changing women's status in society by involving them in social production and socio-political life.