N.F. Katanov Khakass State University (Department of History, Professor)
Abakan, Nalchik, Russian Federation
employee
Shushenskoe, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
UDC 37
UDC 930.2
Based on personal sources stored in the collections of the Shushenskoye Museum-Reserve, the problems of rural school teachers in the Minusinsk District (Uyezd) are characterized. In line with modern methodology – microhistory, the problems of public education are considered not from the formal-legal, organizational side, but from the inside, from the point of view of direct participants in the events – students, their parents, teachers. For the first time, memoirs and diaries of residents of the villages of Shushenskoye and Sagayskoye are introduced into scientific circulation. Based on their study, an idea is formed of the problems of organizing rural schools, the difficulties of a communicative, socio-cultural nature that teachers had to face in the Minusinsk District (Uyezd) in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The category of rural teachers was distinguished by poverty and insecurity, and experienced moral difficulties. Small strokes, random phrases, words in the texts of personal sources contain what is absent in official documents: peasants’, students’ attitude to learning, teachers, including female teachers. Thanks to numerous details and facts, everyday life is filled with interesting nuances, and teachers appear as living people.
sources of personal origin, public education, memories, teacher, school, Minusinsk District (uyezd)
1. Krom M.M. Istoricheskaya antropologiya. 2 izd., ispr., dop. SPb.: Dmitriy Bulanin, 2004. 168 s.
2. Repina L.P., Zvereva V.V., Paramonova M.Yu. Istoriya istoricheskogo znaniya: posobie dlya vuzov. M.: Drofa, 2004. 288 s.
3. Medvedeva T.V. «Sebe prisvoit' um chuzhoy...». Opyt istochnikovedcheskogo sinteza v sfere istochnikov lichnogo proishozhdeniya novogo vremeni // Bezzavetnoe sluzhenie nauke i obrazovaniyu. K 100-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya O.M. Medushevskoy: sb. st. po mat-lam Vseros. nauch. konf. M., 2023. S. 161–168.
4. Dekker R., Baggerman A. Zhak Presser i tradiciya evreyskoy avtobiografii v Niderlandah / per. Yu. Tkachenko // Neprikosnovennyy zapas. 2019. № 2 (124). S. 238–256.
5. Ivanova N.N. Vidovaya i vnutrividovaya klassifikaciya istochnikov lichnogo proishozhdeniya: problemy istochnikovedcheskogo analiza // Vestnik Rossiyskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. 2006. № 3. S. 105–110.
6. Zareckiy Yu.P. Moya zhizn' dlya Gosudarstva. Massovaya praktika sostavleniya deloproizvodstvennyh avtobiografiy sovetskimi lyud'mi // Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie. 2019. № 3. S. 107–127.
7. Tartakovskiy A.G. Russkaya memuaristika XVIII – pervoy poloviny XIX vv.: ot rukopisi k knige. M.: Nauka, 1991. 288 s.
8. Tartakovskiy A.G. 1812 god i russkaya memuaristika. Opyt istochnikovedcheskogo izucheniya. M.: Nauka, 1980. 312 s.
9. Gonina N.V. Mikroistoriya kak put' samopoznaniya (Obzor mezhdunarodnoy konferencii «V Grishaevskie chteniya» (23–25 noyabrya 2022 g., Krasnoyarskiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet). URL: http://www.history.nsc.ru/news/ 2022-11-30.htm (data obrascheniya: 10.11.2024).
10. Prigodich N.D., Korobko S.S. Primenenie programmnyh metodov dlya avtomatizirovannoy obrabotki istochnikov lichnogo proishozhdeniya // Istoricheskaya informatika. 2023. № 1. S. 1–9.
11. Ivaschenko V.Yu. Arheograficheskie osobennosti publikacii istochnikov lichnogo proishozhdeniya // Aktual'nye problemy istochnikovedeniya: mat-ly VI Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Vitebsk, 2021. S. 79–82.
12. Krasikov A.N. Nachal'noe duhovnoe obrazovanie v Vologodskoy gubernii v XIX v. v svete istochnikov lichnogo proishozhdeniya // Cerkov'. Bogoslovie. Istoriya. 2022. № 3. S. 412–417.
13. Shirokov F. Revizii duhovnyh uchebnyh zavedeniy v istochnikah lichnogo proishozhdeniya (po materialam vospominaniy N.A. Il'inskogo) // Nauchnye trudy Samarskoy duhovnoy seminarii: sb. st. Samara, 2023. S. 104–114.
14. Ostroga V.M. Dokumenty lichnogo proishozhdeniya kak istochniki izucheniya istorii uchitel'skoy intelligencii Rossiyskoy imperii vo vtoroy polovine HІH – nachale HH veka // Intelligenciya i mir. 2013. № 4. S. 154–165.
15. Natoko E.V. Problemy sibirskogo uchitel'stva vtoroy poloviny XIX – nachala XX vv. (na materialah istochnikov lichnogo proishozhdeniya) // Instrumenty, mehanizmy i tehnologii sovremennogo innovacionnogo razvitiya: sb. st. po itogam Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. Sterlitamak, 2022. S. 134–139.
16. Vospominaniya ob uchitele Shushenskoy shkoly V.Ya. Abaimova ego docheri E.V. Abaimovoy-Ivanovoy // ShMZ-NV 4073.
17. Vospominaniya o V.Ya. Abaimove odnoy iz ego docherey M.V. Abaimovoy // ShMZ-NV 4072.
18. Vospominaniya ob otce. Aleksandra Vasil'eva // ShMZ-NV 4074.
19. Vospominanie o Vasilii Yakovleviche Abaimove mladshey ego docheri Eleny Abaimovoy // ShMZ-NV 4075.
20. Vospominaniya Zavertkina D.I. Rukopis' // ShMZ-OF 10220.
21. Vospominaniya Shishkina M.M. Rukopis' // ShMZ-OF 10530.
22. Terskova A.A., Kushnarenko E.E. Uchitelya cerkovnoprihodskih shkol Eniseyskoy gubernii v konce XIX – nachale XX v.: sociokul'turnaya harakteristika // Social'no-ekonomicheskiy i gumanitarnyy zhurnal. 2023. № 3. S. 187–197.
